Meta-Analysis of the Consequences of Ethical Leadership

Background: Ethical leadership has emerged as a new approach in the field of leadership and it has provided the foundation for creating and enhancing individual and organizational effectiveness by prioritizing ethics in the organization. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify the consequences of ethical leadership using a meta-analysis approach. Method: The present study is descriptive in terms of purpose, practical in terms of usage and quantitative in terms of type of data. The study population consists of articles published in scientific journals in the field of ethical leadership from 2010 to 2019, that 48 cases were entered through meta-analysis process with a non- random purposive sampling method. Selected studies were analyzed using CMA2 software (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software). Results: Findings showed that among the consequences of ethical leadership, 33.33% had an effect size less than 0.3, 35.9% had an effect size between 0.3 and 0.5, and 30.8% had an effect size above 0.5. Conclusion: Findings showed that among the consequences of ethical leadership, intention to quit (-0.688), job engagement (0.670), leadership effectiveness (0.655), organizational citizenship behavior (0.622), employee empowerment (0.605), Talent management (0.583), Organizational justice (0.578), Ethical climate (0.541), Job performance (0.526), ​​Customer orientation (0.512), Deviant behaviors (-0.504) and Perceived organizational support (0.500) had high effect size (above 0.5).